Secondary movements
It is common for the Earth to continue shaking as a result of “secondary” tremors. Although most of said tremors are milder than the main quake, some can be strong enough to cause additional damage or knock down weakened structures.
Listen to emergency information in the radio or television.
Injuries
Look out for injured people. Do not attempt to move injured or unconscious people unless they are in immediate danger, near power lines, flooding or other serious risks. Internal injuries are not always visible, but may be serious or endanger the person’s life. If someone has stopped breathing, call a physician or seek first aid and immediately administer CPR if you are trained to do so. Apply direct pressure to the wound to stop bleeding. If you are trapped, do everything you can to attract someone’s attention.
Check gas, power and water service
An earthquake may burst gas, power and water pipelines. If you perceive a gas odor: open the windows; (2) shut off the main gas valve; (3) do not turn appliances or lights on or off; (4) go outdoors; (5) inform authorities about any leak; and (6) do not reenter the building until an expert determines that it is safe.
If you spot a short circuit, shut down the main switch. If water pipelines have been damaged, shut off the main valve.
Other precautions
• Inspect the chimney and do not use it if you spot cracking.
• Verify that sewage piping is in good shape before using bathrooms or running water.
• Do not touch downed power lines or objects in contact with the lines or objects in contact with these cables. Call authorities as soon as possible to inform the location of the lines.
• Clean medication, flammable liquids, and any other spilt material as soon as possible.
• Keep phone lines open unless an emergency needs to be reported. Verify that all the telephones are in place (tremors may have unhooked them).
• Stay away from affected areas. Your presence may hinder rescue operations and you may put yourself in harm’s way.
Cooperate with authorities. If the police, the fire department or emergency services are requesting volunteers, try to participate, but not in affected areas unless the authorities have requested your help in that particular area.
How to evacuate your home
If you must leave your home, place a note where you and your family have agreed to leave any notes indicating your location. Lock domestic animals in the safest place and ensure you leave enough food and water. In general, pets are not allowed in public shelters.
Carry vital documents (wills, insurance policies, etc.), emergency items and medication.
Reuniting after an earthquake
The earthquake may occur while family members are not together. Some may be at work, others at home and others at school. Determine a place and time when the entire family will gather after a catastrophe.
• Choose a place near your home (a neighbor or relative’s house, a church or community center) as a reunion place.
• Choose a relative living at least at 150 kilometers as a contact for the family in case someone is not able to reach the established reunion place. This contact may help family members to gather and inform if someone has been injured. Write the number down and always carry it with you.
